Among the simplest organisms there are many parasites of animals and humans.The parasitic protozoa that cause the most serious and common diseases are listed below.
Dysenteric amoeba
The dysenteric amoeba is similar to the common one, but is smaller and has shorter and wider root stems.It enters the human digestive system through the mouth in the cyst stage.In the large intestine, the amoeba emerges from the cyst and feeds on bacteria without harming the person.Subsequently, this simple organism begins to penetrate the intestinal wall, feeds on red blood cells and becomes a parasite.Ulcers form in the intestines, exhausting the human body.The disease of amoebic dysentery or amebiasis occurs.
The dysenteric amoeba can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver.Also in this case the parasite leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
By forming cysts, amoebas leave the human body with undigested food remains.Light cysts spread easily.If you don't wash your hands and food, you can get infected.
malaria plasmodium
Plasmodium is a parasitic protozoan.Some Plasmodium species cause malaria in humans.The carrier of the malaria plasmodium is the malaria mosquito.During an insect bite, plasmodium enters the host's bloodstream.Together with the blood it reaches the liver, where it feeds, grows and multiplies.After this, many plasmodia again enter the bloodstream and begin to parasitize red blood cells, destroying them and releasing their waste products, which poison the host.A person develops a fever and suffers from anemia.
If a person with malaria is bitten by a malaria mosquito again, the plasmodia will be transferred from the person to the mosquito.Plasmodium reproduces sexually in the body of a mosquito.
Malaria is common in Africa.This is a very dangerous disease.Malaria is combated, among other things, by destroying malaria-carrying mosquitoes.
trypanosomes
The genus Trypanosomes is made up of parasitic protozoa that have flagella (closely related to Euglena).Its main host is a vertebrate animal and its carriers are usually insects.Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases in animals and humans.They parasitize mainly in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid.The most famous and common disease caused by trypanosomes is sleeping sickness.
The vector of sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly.This disease is typical of tropical Africa.Sleeping sickness develops in two stages: in the first weeks the person suffers fever and pain, after a month or more drowsiness, sleep and coordination disturbances, and changes in consciousness occur.The disease is easier to treat in the first stage.
giardiana
Giardia is a genus of flagellated parasitic protozoa.Lamblia intestinal causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis by eating unwashed foods that contain Giardia cysts.Coming out of the cyst, lamblia adheres to the intestines and feeds on digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa.They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals.The carriers are mosquitoes.
There are different types of leishmaniasis associated with damage to various tissues in the body.One of them is the skin disease, Pendensky ulcer.
coccidia
Coccidia parasitize many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish.They cause coccidiosis diseases, which cause serious damage to livestock and fish farming.
Coccidia are deposited in the form of spores containing parasitic cells.
Coccidia include the genus Toxoplasma.Its representatives cause a disease as widespread in humans as toxoplasmosis.A person becomes infected from pets or improperly prepared meat food.Toxoplasma affects many organs, including the nervous system.